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EN60079-14 8.3.2 states that “Cables shall be supported and routed straight from the cable entry device to avoid lateral tension that could compromise the seal around the cable” and that “if additional clamping is required to prevent pulling and twisting of the cable transmitting the forces to the conductor terminations inside the enclosure/connector, a clamp shall be provided, as close as practicable to the gland along the cable. Note 1: Cable clamps within 10 times the diameter of the cable or 300mm whichever is the shorter length of the cable entry device are commonly used and might be required by other codes, for example IEC 61892.”

In short, cables should be clamped, as close to the rear seal of the gland as practical, to help prevent cable movement which in turn can loosen conductors and cause water and dust ingress.

But it is not just here where the use of the Omni® Accessory is recommended. This requirement to ensure cables are correctly supported when exiting cable glands is further demonstrated in almost all Hazardous Area gland manufacturers certificates and instructions for safe use. The majority of compression, displacement or diaphragm type Ex glands, when used with unarmoured or braided cables, require that the cables are clamped to prevent pulling or twisting in order to maintain IP (ingress protection against water and solids) as well as the electrical continuity of the braid/shield.

Almost every hazardous area cable gland, irrespective of manufacturer, with an “X” at the end of their ATEX/IEXEC certificate number, requires that the cable, when used in a fixed installation with unarmoured or braided cable is clamped to prevent pulling or twisting. Most of the leading glands in the market today have a similar requirement, yet the majority of installations bypass this requirement completely.

This is not a “nice to have” rather a legal requirement to ensure the gland is installed in line with the certification – without this, your installation is non-compliant.

The Omni® Accessory from Blayds is the all-in-one solution that ensures your cable installation is correctly routed straight from the gland whilst also ensuring that the cable is clamped to prevent twisting and pulling. It also includes an integrated IP seal, earthing, and also provides a handy location for cable/circuit marker.  Available in Brass or Nickel Plated Brass with/or without integrated IP washer and in sizes M20 through to M40, the Omni® Accessory is a simple and cost effective way to ensure your cable gland installations are compliant with the latest standards. By installing the Omni® Accessory, you are helping to reduce the strain on the cable gland seal, improving its lifespan, its IP performance and its hazardous area protection.

Visit the Blayds website today at www.blayds.com or email This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it. to request your free of charge Omni® Accessory sample pack.

At Peppers Cable Glands, they believe that success is intrinsically tied to the success of their customers. By continually improving their processes, technology, and customer support capabilities, they aim to ensure that their customers receive the highest quality products and services. Recent investments not only enhance their production capabilities but also improve how they serve their customers: the introduction of a new milling machine and the Quick Response Cell (QRC).

The Quick Response Cell (QRC) is designed to provide rapid, tailored solutions for customers who need high-priority or custom cable glands. By setting up a dedicated team with streamlined operations, Peppers can quickly pivot to meet urgent demands, minimising lead times while maintaining industry-leading quality standards. Whether it's delivering on custom specifications, unexpected large orders, or meeting time-sensitive project requirements, the QRC has become a valuable resource for clients who cannot afford delays.

With the QRC in place, they’ve helped numerous customers avoid costly project overruns and minimise downtime, enhancing their overall project efficiency. The QRC embodies Peppers’ commitment to offering fast, flexible, and responsive service, especially in today’s fast-moving industries.

In addition to the QRC, they’ve also invested in cutting-edge manufacturing technology by bringing a new milling machine into their production line. This advanced piece of equipment increases manufacturing precision and efficiency, allowing them to meet growing customer demand with even greater accuracy and reduced turnaround times. The new milling machine ensures that their cable glands meet the tightest tolerances, providing enhanced reliability in the most demanding environments.

“The Quick Response Cell and new Milling Machine allows us to respond more agilely to fluctuating customer needs and market conditions. By leveraging automation, we can quickly adapt to changing demand, ensuring we are always ready and able to meet our customers' requirements”. Grayham Churchouse, Sales Manager.

For their customers, these investments translate to greater confidence and peace of mind, knowing that Peppers is constantly enhancing its capacity to meet their needs. By upgrading their manufacturing capabilities and reinforcing the QRC, they can ensure that their customers’ businesses are never held back by delays or product shortages.

At Peppers Cable Glands, the priority remains supporting their customer’s businesses. These investments and initiatives are just part of an ongoing commitment to delivering the best products and service, so customers can continue to focus on driving their business forward.

www.cableglands.co.uk

Worldwide, Dangerous Substances and Explosive Atmospheres Regulations require employers to control the risks to safety from fire and explosions. This entails compliance with international standards, which in turn requires that any electrical equipment used in a hazardous area must be certified intrinsically safe. The likely existence of an explosive atmosphere is dealt with in the various standards by the definition of “Zones”. Importantly, it is the responsibility of the plant operator to decide which parts of their plant are in which Zones.

For the IECEx (Worldwide) & ATEX (European) standards the following Zones are defined:

Zone 0 - an area in which an explosive atmosphere is present constantly or for long periods or frequently.

Zone 1 - an area in which an explosive atmosphere is likely to occur in normal operation occasionally.

Zone 2 - an area in which an explosive atmosphere is not likely to occur in normal operation but, if it does occur, will persist for a short period only.

However, in North America, a system of “Classes” and “Divisions” is used:

Class 1: Relates to gases and vapours.

Division 1: The hazard can exist under normal conditions, or could be caused by maintenance work, leakage, or breakdown.

Division 2: Gases or vapours are confined and only escape due to accidental rupture or breakdown.

This can lead to confusion when an instrument is likely to be used in different world regions. The simplest solution is to go for a Zone 0/Class 1, Div 1 dual certified instrument, which then covers all eventualities worldwide.

Typically, Zone 0 intrinsically safe instruments are expensive. However, Test Products International (TPI) believes it has achieved a significant cost breakthrough with its very affordable TPI 9085Ex vibration analyser.

Combining on-meter diagnostics with the all-important ability to TREND readings over time to simplify condition-based maintenance (CBM), the “go anywhere” TPI 9085Ex is certified for IECEx/ATEX Zone 0 with North American Class 1, Div 1 approval. This means the 9085Ex is certified intrinsically safe for ANY atmosphere WORLDWIDE.

The 9085Ex detects unbalance, misalignment and looseness. It also measures “bearing noise” and displays it in bearing damage units (BDU), which is roughly equivalent to “percentage bearing wear”. In addition, the 9085Ex uniquely incorporates a directly contacting temperature sensor within its vibration probe. This gives a highly accurate, virtually instantaneous, surface temperature reading for the bearing, simultaneously as the vibration reading is taken. With a high BDU reading and high temperature, you know that what you are seeing really is a worn bearing and not some other source of vibration such as pump cavitation.

The compact handheld TPI 9085Ex is extremely affordable and simple to use. It can, and indeed should, be included in every maintenance tool kit. Using the FREE TPI Bridge App, “routes” and readings can be transferred to and from the 9085Ex anywhere in the world using mobile devices (e.g. smart phone or tablet PC) and then via Bluetooth to and from the 9085Ex.

“Routes” are simply lists of machines showing exactly what readings need to be taken and where to take them. The readings are then automatically time and date stamped by the 9085Ex and saved in the route for automatic transfer to computer-based trending software.

“Trending” is the mainstay of condition-based maintenance. By looking at the trend of bearing noise and temperature readings, you can determine well in advance when a bearing will likely need replacing. The TPI 9085Ex comes with powerful, yet simple to use, subscription free trending software, which includes automatic email notification of alarms and report generation, giving you everything you need for a full CBM strategy.

For more information please contact TPI Europe’s head office on +44 1293 530196 or take a look on the website at www.tpieurope.com or email This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

Recent research from Copernicus said 2024 was on track to be the warmest year since data was first analysed in 1940 writes Chris Dobson.  

Indeed 2024 was on track to be the first year with increases above 1.5 degrees C .  This increase is at odds with the target set at the Glasgow Conference of the Parties (COP) in 2021 which concluded “a future with only 1.5 degrees of warming is possible”. Well the 1.5 C ceiling has just been broken.

On a winter’s day it is hard to think in terms of ‘warmth’ but just think of the recent severe flash flooding in some areas of Europe and Polar sea ice reached its lowest monthly extent “continuing a series of large negative anomalies observed throughout 2023 and 2024” all contributing to Climate Change. 

Walking passed a major supermarket the blast of escaping warm air  prompted me to call Doug Hart, chairman, Hart Industrial Doors and ask him about the ever open door in industry and escaping heat. 

“If it’s a heavy manual door or some sort of system that’s easier to leave open, then given the size of industrial doors the escape of expensively heated air will be huge. It’s a question of who notices this. If no one does, no one in the building be it a warehouse or a production facility, then the merry-go-round of the ever open door will continue.” 

Which leads to Mr Hart’s Speedor, the high speed automatic door which is now in daily action world-wide. “It was blatantly obvious to me that a frequently used manual roller-shutter industrial door is easier to leave open than to open/close every time access is needed.  

“It was also obvious that the gaping hole of the open door is costly in terms energy which inevitably leads to a Climate Change contribution however small,” says Mr Hart.

“We use world-class technology in the manufacturing of our doors and as a result. Our Speedor range and its many variants are in use on every Continent backed up fire and security shutters which like Speedor are in daily use in sectors such as energy, high security, logistics, leisure, manufacturing and transport.

“With over 75 years as the UK's leading door manufacturers, our industrial doors are used across many sectors, including manufacturing, energy, export, leisure, utilities and infrastructure.

“Whether you are looking for doors for high-traffic areas, energy-saving doors, or roller doors for clean rooms or warehouse/loading bays, during the manufacturing of our doors we design and custom-make them for durability and reliability, vermin and dust control, heat-sensitive production processes, safety and security.

“Speedor is not just a high-speed door in external use but also within a building essential to maintain the required working environment.”

Bravo Speedor.

www.hartdoors.com

There is no safe level of vibration exposure. Using powered hand tools over time will harm health and severely limit quality of life. Vibration exposure through the continual use of vibratory tools kills the nerve cells and blood vessels in fingers and hands, this irreversible damage results in consistent pain and prevents the sufferer from undertaking even the simplest of manual tasks.

Until now, those operatives working in potentially explosive atmospheres have been left without a suitable and sufficient solution to monitor and reduce Hand Arm Vibration risk.

Market leading HAV risk management specialists HAVi are the world’s only provider of an integrated solution to managing HAV risk in potentially explosive atmospheres. The solution is certified to ATEX, UKEX and IECEx standards for hardware up to and including Zone 0. 

Accurate and trusted explosion-proof vibration monitoring

HAVi’s robust solution has been trusted to manage risk in the harshest of environments since 2008. With numerous successful implementations in Construction, Rail, Automative, Facilities Management, Utilities and Oil & Gas infrastructure, you can be certain of a credible partner.

The core solution underwent rigorous design, testing and evaluation which resulted in the launch of a range of Trigger Timers and Wearables under the “HAVi ATEX” banner. The range utilises components and casings specifically selected to meet the requirements of the Intrinsically Safe protection concept.

The new range integrates seamlessly into the HAVi ecosystem meaning you can minimise your investment and only specify Ex rated equipment for areas that require it.

Compliance assured

The HAVi solution is designed to meet HSE and BS EN / ISO requirements in full. In another market first, HAVi will also document this compliance following implementation.

Collecting data does not equal compliance. Powered by ActivIQ, HAVi’s innovations in the field of insight management and analytics, help you make better decisions, faster to lower risk.

Added to that, experiential E-learning and in person courses designed to train and inform the operators about HAV risk and help ensure that they fully engage with their risk and take actions to help reduce personal exposure. 

Our experienced team can provide full turn-key or modular solutions ranging from Site Audits, the creation and evaluation of Risk Assessments, tool Vibration Magnitude measurements and working with you we can implement bespoke culture change projects to reinforce your key safety messages.

Continuous Improvement

The combination of HAVi’s intrinsically safe EX certified hardware and peerless HAV management solutions equip businesses operating in hazardous and explosive conditions with the safest and most accurate data and the actionable insights that protect the hand health of the tool operators by effectively managing and reducing vibration exposure.

HAVi’s Kate Louise Cole said: “For too long, those operating in Ex environments have been excluded from accurate assessments of Vibration Exposure. It is our privilege to be able to address this with our world first solution. Coupled with this, our decades of experience will help you remain compliant and most importantly protect your people, wherever they work”

For more information on HAVI visit thehavi.com or to speak to the team call 0115 932 7002

Ends

For more information please contact Gemma Sharpe at Tactic Communications | This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it. / 07807 152835.

As a safety professional, selecting flame detectors that align with your facility’s requirements is essential. Discover the key factors to consider when choosing a flame detection system.As a safety professional, you want to purchase flame detectors that meet your facility’s needs. Learn what to consider when choosing a flame detection system.

From traditional industrial environments to today’s increasingly complex hazardous processes, the risk of explosion and/or fire remains a critical concern. However, basic process controls typically do not warn of conditions outside normal system limits. Since industry vapors and gases (hydrocarbons) burn with very high flame temperatures, an external fire detection system that can rapidly sound an alarm in the event of a fire is essential to protect human lives and valuable equipment.

As a safety professional, you want to purchase flame detectors that best meet your facility’s particular needs. Here are a few things to consider when researching a fire and gas detection system.

For a comprehensive overview of flame detectors, such as operating principles and coverage best practices, download our Flame Detection Handbook.

Download the Handbook

The most popular systems use optical methods to detect flames; that is, they detect the absorption of light at specific wavelengths. Two common optical flame detector types are (1) combination ultraviolet/infrared (UV/IR) and (2) multi-spectrum infrared (MSIR). Unlike simple UV or IR detectors, UV/IR and MSIR devices are sensitive to more than one band on the energy spectrum and therefore are less likely to produce a false alarm. Both technologies function well either indoors or outdoors and provide a reasonably fast response time.

Should you choose UV/IR or MSIR detectors? That depends on several factors.

• What kind of fuels does your facility employ? Alcohols? Gasoline? LNG/LPG? Solvents? Something else? Understanding your fuel’s flammable properties will help you determine the optical flame-detecting technology you need.
• Do other types of radiant energy exist in your facility, such as arc welding, hot objects, or direct sunlight? Your flame detectors should be able to distinguish between these non-fire energy sources and real flames. Typically, MSIR detectors provide the best immunity to these types of false alarms.
• How high is the risk of air-borne particulates should a fire occur? Smoke, oil, grease, and some chemical vapors can reduce a UV/IR unit’s detection range, so if, for example, heavy smoke is a concern, you should consider MSIR technology.
• Can the detector be placed near the potential ignition source or must it be located relatively far away? How wide an area should the device monitor? Different UV/IR and MSIR units offer varying detection ranges and fields of view (FOV). Match your environment with the corresponding device specifications for the best coverage.
•  

This post has covered key factors to consider when choosing the right flame detection system for your needs. For further insights on these topics, including false alarm immunity and self-test diagnostics, download our Flame Detection Handbook

Learn more How to Safeguard Your Industrial Facility Against Fire Hazards

Discover Flame Detector Technologies

Are you ready to get even more connected? MSA Safety’s innovative gas detection systems can communicate and share alerts, helping you keep workers safer than ever before.

Innovation has driven rapid advances in gas detection over recent years, helping to significantly improve safety for workers operating in industries like oil and gas, steel manufacturing, waste water facilities and other utilities.

Take our ALTAIR io™ 4 Connected Gas Detector, for example. Combining built-in, cutting-edge, CAT-M LTE cellular connectivity and integration with the MSA Grid, it offers the real-time insights and actionable data you desire to give your workforce enhanced protection.

But now MSA innovation has taken workplace safety one step further with an addition to our Grid software – the Shared Alerts System.  With Shared Alerts, workers can be instantly notified when a team member or someone working nearby has triggered an alarm, so enabling swift responses to emergency situations. In contrast, traditional systems often rely on manual processes – such as where the health and safety manager is tasked with identifying the hazards and notifying nearby workers themselves.

How the MSA Shared Alerts System works

When you upgrade your non-connected gas detection system to ALTAIR io™ 4 connected gas detectors, your workers' gas detectors can communicate with each other and share alerts. You can configure the system so workers receive either proximity-based alerts, meaning that everyone within a specific distance can be notified, or label-based alerts where everyone within the same wing, floor, or department can receive an alert.

Workers can receive notification of the following three different alarms:

• Gas alarm – this alarm is triggered when a worker’s device detects dangerously high levels of gas such a H₂S or CO₂ or identifies that a worker has reached their exposure limit. A widespread notification sent in response to this alarm means that everyone in the vicinity can take prompt action to evacuate or assist.
• Motion alarm – this alarm activates when a worker remains motionless for an extended period, indicating a possible emergency. Nearby workers or colleagues receiving a notification sent if response to this alarm can respond rapidly, offering immediate assistance.
• Worker emergency alarm – this is manually triggered by a worker in distress. Again, all nearby workers or colleagues can be alerted, helping to ensure a rapid response.

Protect lives – upgrade your connected gas detection solution

The benefits of upgrading so your workers can receive shared alerts can be significant. You will enjoy:

• Enhanced safety – Anyone working in the vicinity of someone who has triggered an alarm can receive instant notification, allowing them to take immediate action to protect both themselves and others.
• Faster evacuation –Notified workers can evacuate smoothly and efficiently with minimum delay so everyone stays safe.

Connect your workers today

Shared Alerts helps to quickly notify a workforce when a hazard has been detected or a colleague is at risk. And this in turn helps you foster a safety-first culture where everyone can be more aware of risks and take greater responsibility for keeping themselves and others safe.

Find out how Shared Alerts could improve safety management at your organisation

Talk to an MSA expert today

The Peli range of tough safety torches features several rechargeable models, providing eco-friendly  lighting solutions.

The Peli 3335R Zone 0 hand torch is built tough to perform in the harshest environments, with an IP67 waterproof body, this torch is a testament to reliability and safety. Providing an impressive 246-lumen output and an extraordinary 58 hours of run time, prolonged usage is ensured without compromising performance. The ATEX Zone 0 certification allows it to be used in potentially explosive atmospheres, making it an indispensable tool for industries with stringent safety standards.

There are 3 light modes: High, Low and flashing, a built-in battery level indicator and a right-angle adaptor is available as an accessory to allow the user to attach it to a jacket for hands-free use.  This adaptor also allows the head to articulate, directing the light exactly where required.

The lithium-ion rechargeable battery offers a life expectancy of over 2000 cycles, 4 times more than the usual amount and the long battery life further contributes to resource conservation, promoting a more sustainable approach to lighting solutions.

The 9415 Zone 0 is a tough, rechargeable safety light, ideal for industrial and offshore use.  This rugged LED hand lamp will run for more than a full shift, up to 11 hours, from a single charge.  ATEX certified for use in Zone 0 hazardous areas, the 9415 LED has 3 light modes: High, Low & Flashing and a battery charge level indicator (Green, Amber, Red).

Designed to stand on end, the 9415 Zone 0 features a 120° pivoting head to angle the beam exactly where required.   A sure grip handle provides a comfortable and non- slip grip with an extra-large space to accommodate gloved hands.

Choosing a rechargeable Peli light eliminates the need for disposable batteries, minimizing waste and environmental impact.

Sales Director David Smith commented “These models are very impressive; high-quality rechargeable products that combine a compact design with a rugged yet lightweight body offering resilience, efficiency, and a commitment to environmental responsibility.”

The Peli Products range of tough safety torches is certified to ATEX Zone 0 and Zone 1 and includes head torches, right angled models hands-free and compact versions.  They are all designed for use in hazardous areas, Peli torches carry the legendary “You break it, we replace it” lifetime guarantee.

For more details go to www.peliproducts.co.uk or ring the Peli Products (UK) team: 01457 869999.

An Enerpac pump-powered door handling system is helping boosting production at the CSR Monier Roof Tile Plant, Darra, Brisbane. The system ensures all doors on the curing chambers are handled in a quick and efficient manner, ensuring production rates are maintained with no stoppages.

Roof tiles are manufactured in batches and then cured in a heated chamber. Declining factory productivity prompted CSR Monier to ask manufacturing and process improvement services company, Heltec Pty Ltd of Queensland, to review concrete roof tiles production from the factory’s 20 curing chambers. 

Following an analysis of the roof tile production process, Heltec refurbished the concrete curing chambers to improve insulation, hence providing a higher humidity and ensuring consistent temperature across the chamber. All chambers must be completely sealed and airtight, to ensure that the exothermic reaction produced by the fresh concrete tiles can be taken advantage of. 

Options for automated doors that could provide an airtight room on such an old structure were limited. A custom door was designed; however the site needed a way to handle them in a prompt manner to accommodate the fast-paced manufacturing environment. Heltec developed a frame-mounted, custom push bar locking system powered by an Enerpac XC2 pump and RC59 cylinder. Once the large steel door of the heat chamber is in the closed position, the frame is moved into place. The operator then turns on XC2 pump which in turn activates the Enerpac RC59 cylinder, pushing the bar to lock the chamber door. Once locked, the frame mounted, push bar locking system is released. Mounted on rail above the chamber doors, it can easily travel between the factory’s 20 chambers.  

In addition to its labour-saving benefits, the Enerpac pump-powered locking system also ensures a reduced manual handling risk to the operator. Heltec advised that they favoured the Enerpac XC2 over other brands due to its reliability and quality along with the technical support that Enerpac provided, which made designing the system easier.

Initial results from using the refurbished chambers have a 50% reduction in the variation of resultant tile strength across the room, enabling greater daily production volume. Coupled with this was a 47% reduction in the variation across the chamber for residual moisture in the tiles prior to packaging, meaning storage times in the yard for the final stages of the tile curing process can be reduced and the product dispatched to customers quicker.

“The Enerpac XC2 pump and RC59 cylinder has played an important role ensuring that all chamber doors are not only handled in an efficient manner, but also in a safer way,” said Peter Stephens of Heltec Pty Ltd. 

For more information on the Enerpac XC2 pump and Enerpac’s range of battery-powered, portable pumps, visit www.enerpac.com.

For over 16 years, the composite wrap system, Belzona SuperWrap II, has been applied throughout multiple industries to restore the strength of holed, weakened and corroded assets. Now, the R&D Department at Belzona Limited has honed the capabilities of this technology so that, with the new epoxy resin, Belzona 1984, this technology is now optimised to be applied in aqueous environments.  

Figure 1. Application of composite wrap system in submerged environment  

Surface-Tolerant Composite Repair System Optimised for Underwater Maintenance

One of the key individuals behind the development of the new surface-tolerant composite repair system, Ian Wade, Technical Services Manager at Belzona Limited, explained more: “The Belzona SuperWrap II compliant system already features three resins designed for different application and service temperatures. Belzona 1984 is the latest development in this system, engineered specifically with surface tolerance in mind. This resin can be applied directly to damp, wet and underwater surfaces without the need for abrasive blasting.”

Figure 2. Ian Wade, Technical Services Manager at Belzona Limited

Ian continued: “Once cured, Belzona 1984 resists temperatures of up to 50°C (122°F) and can be applied in temperatures ranging from 5°C to 40°C (41°F to 104°F). The Belzona SuperWrap II system can be applied as a composite wrap, pad, plate or patch, depending on the application requirements.”

Figure 3. Application and service temperatures of Belzona SuperWrap II resins  

Full Compliance with ISO and ASME Standards

The Belzona 1984 system has undergone rigorous testing and is fully approved for compliance with ISO 24817 and ASME PCC-2 standards. These tests utilised samples which were applied and cured underwater in artificial seawater, representing the worst-case and most aggressive environments. Compliance with these standards demonstrates how Belzona SuperWrap II is optimised for use in a variety of challenging environments, making it a welcome addition to many a maintenance engineer’s repertoire of repair solutions.

Figure 4. Composite wrap system, Belzona SuperWrap II, incorporating Belzona 1984

Rigorous Training Programme Ensures Excellent Standard of Application

In order to apply Belzona SuperWrap II to ISO/ASME standards, applicators are required to complete a rigorous training programme at one of Belzona’s 16 training centres located worldwide. By thoroughly equipping applicators with the skills and expertise to successfully apply the composite wrap system, this ensures that an excellent standard of application is maintained.

To uphold this standard, every two years, Belzona’s Corporate Belzona SuperWrap II Trainer Committee conduct a mandatory audit of all Belzona SuperWrap II trainers, facilities as well as internal staff. Upon successful completion of the audit, Belzona SuperWrap II accreditations are then renewed. Again, this process is designed to ensure a consistently safe and successful application of the composite wrap system.  

Bypass Carbon- and Cost-Intensive Replacement Process

As industries continue to ratchet up their carbon mitigation measures in line with the net-zero by 2050 pathway, the use of polymeric repair and protection technology offers a real boon for maintenance engineers. The process of replacing damaged assets incurs a hefty carbon footprint, not to mention considerable financial expenditure. With polymeric technology, engineers can successfully bypass the carbon- and cost-intensive process of replacement, and instead rehabilitate their assets and protect them against future damage. Now, this can be achieved even in the most challenging application environments thanks to the surface-tolerant epoxy resin, Belzona 1984.

Figure 5. New surface-tolerant epoxy repair resin, Belzona 1984